Varanasi, also known as Kashi or Banaras, holds the distinction of being one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. With a history that stretches back over 4000 years, Varanasi’s name is derived from the confluence of two rivers, the Varuna and the Assi, which flow into the Ganges.
Renowned as a major pilgrimage destination, Varanasi attracts visitors from around the globe seeking spiritual enlightenment. The city’s atmosphere, steeped in the scents and sounds of ancient India, is profoundly evocative. Situated on the banks of the sacred Ganges River, Varanasi is not only a place for spiritual exploration but also a site where Hindus perform significant rituals, including the last rites for the deceased.
Beyond its spiritual significance, Varanasi is famous worldwide for its traditional crafts, particularly its ivory work, perfumes, and exquisite silk fabrics. These crafts, passed down through generations, continue to be a major draw for both pilgrims and tourists alike, offering a glimpse into the city’s rich cultural and artisanal heritage.
Varanasi is a city with a rich cultural and spiritual heritage, offering a multitude of important tourist sites. Here are some of the must-visit places in Varanasi:
- Kashi Vishwanath Temple
One of the most famous Hindu temples dedicated to Lord Shiva, the Kashi Vishwanath Temple is an integral part of the city’s spiritual landscape. It is one of the twelve Jyotirlingas and is a major pilgrimage site for Hindus.
- Dashashwamedh Ghat
This is one of the most prominent ghats in Varanasi, known for its evening Ganga Aarti, a mesmerizing ritual that attracts numerous visitors. The ghat is vibrant and bustling with activity throughout the day.
- Assi Ghat
Located at the confluence of the Ganges and Assi rivers, Assi Ghat is another significant ghat where pilgrims perform rituals. It is also a popular spot for tourists to relax and enjoy the serene views of the river.
- Sarnath
Located a short distance from Varanasi, Sarnath is a crucial Buddhist site where Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon. Key attractions include the Dhamek Stupa, Chaukhandi Stupa, and the Sarnath Archaeological Museum.
- Manikarnika Ghat
One of the oldest and most sacred ghats, Manikarnika Ghat is the primary cremation ghat in Varanasi. It is believed that those cremated here attain moksha (liberation from the cycle of rebirth).
- Ramnagar Fort
Situated on the eastern bank of the Ganges, Ramnagar Fort is a historical structure built in the 18th century. It houses a museum with a collection of vintage cars, weapons, medieval costumes, and more.
- Bharat Mata Temple
This unique temple is dedicated to Bharat Mata (Mother India) and features a marble relief map of India instead of traditional idols. It was inaugurated by Mahatma Gandhi and symbolizes national unity.
- Tulsi Manas Temple
Built in 1964, this temple is dedicated to Lord Rama and is named after the saint-poet Tulsidas who composed the Ramcharitmanas. The walls of the temple are adorned with verses from this epic.
- Banaras Hindu University (BHU)
One of the largest residential universities in Asia, BHU has a sprawling campus with the famous Vishwanath Temple, an art gallery, and the Bharat Kala Bhavan Museum, which houses an extensive collection of artifacts and artworks.
- Alamgir Mosque
Also known as Beni Madhav Ka Darera, this mosque was built by Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb and is an example of Islamic architecture in Varanasi. It is located on the Panchganga Ghat.
- Ruchika Art Gallery
A place for art lovers, this gallery showcases contemporary Indian art, including paintings and handicrafts, and is a great spot to purchase souvenirs.
- Ganga Mahotsav
If visiting in November, the Ganga Mahotsav is a cultural festival that showcases the rich heritage of Varanasi through music, dance, and crafts, culminating in the Dev Deepawali celebrations with thousands of earthen lamps lighting up the ghats.
Exploring these sites provides a comprehensive experience of Varanasi’s profound spiritual essence, historical significance, and vibrant culture
